History, culture, art… Europe is a continent we look back at on many issues. Likewise, current events often draw our attention; we follow some of them as closely as Turkey and we even know the market prices, while we have only heard the names of some of them. Now let's list the countries in Europe without saying big or small.
In the European continent, there are 46 countries other than Türkiye. We will divide this vast geography into east, west, north and south. Western European countries in this article; You may also want to review our Eastern Europe , Northern Europe , Southern Europe contents. Of course, there is so much to write a blog about each country separately. Back tomorrow...
1. Austria
Austria is a landlocked country bordered by the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Liechtenstein, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Slovakia, Hungary and Slovenia. The Danube river does not neglect to stop by Austria, it flows through Vienna, the capital of both culture and art and Austria. The country with a population of approximately 9 million is one of the European countries that receive serious immigration from Turkey. These lands, which have been inhabited for centuries, were ruled by the Habsburg Dynasty for a long time, which you will remember from history lessons. Speaking of the Habsburg, Kahlenberg is a good spot to remember the history lessons we often hear, and to look at the city from above.
Those who want to be active outdoors, find peace in nature, embark on a cultural adventure and enjoy exciting flavors can find what they are looking for in Austria. Austria is a landlocked country in Central Europe with a population of approximately 8.7 million. It borders the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers 83,878 square kilometers and has a temperate mountain climate.
The majority of the population speaks German, which is also the official language of the country. Other local official languages are Croatian, Hungarian and Slovenian. Also, as a federal republic, Austria consists of nine independent federal states: Burgenland, Carinthia, Lower Austria, Upper Austria, Salzburg, Styria, Tyrol, Vorarlberg and Vienna.
Austria, one of the most popular holiday destinations in Europe, attracts tourists throughout the year with its places to visit in both summer and winter. In fact, winter is almost as intense as summer in the country's gorgeous mountain regions, as they are home to some of Europe's best ski resorts.
Visitors visit the country for the natural wonders of this Alpine republic, as well as for its magnificent cities such as the historic capital Vienna and the beautiful Salzburg, birthplace of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. By choosing Austria for your next holiday, you can visit important and historical buildings such as the Imperial Palace, Altstadti, Schönbrunn Palace and have a quiet holiday by inhaling the clean air.
2. Belgium
Chocolate! I wouldn't have written, I'm sorry. (What, should I quit chocolate and start writing by saying, “Germany is neighbor to the Netherlands, Luxembourg and France”?! An unacceptable thought.) After mentioning the most important feature of the country (I think), let's come to other issues: it rains a lot mommy… so it's too much. depressed. It's still nice, of course, go as long as you don't stay too long; If you want to relapse, you can stay long. We wrote EU country to some countries, this is the EU itself. The capital, Brussels, is like the capital of the EU; The Commission and the Council building are located here, among several other bodies. Belgium has three official languages, Dutch, French and German, and has a population of around 12 million.
Belgium, which includes different communities, is governed by the federal system. It is divided into three regions, the Walloon region, the Flemish region, and the capital Brussels. Three official languages are spoken in the country, where a king and queen also have a say in the administration.
Belgium is world famous for its waffles, chocolate, french fries and beer. However, the national symbol of the country is "Manneken pis", that is, "Peeing Boy", which makes everyone laugh. The 70-centimeter-long statue, which is a must-see for tourists visiting the country, is located very close to Brussels' famous square, the Grand Place. Do not say that they beat anyone who does not take funny photos with this mascot.
If the “Peeing Boy” is complete, you can also see Notre Dame Du Sablon cathedral in the capital Brussels, attend events held in the city's historical botanical garden, Le Botanique, and visit the Royal Palace, which is still the official residence of the royal family. In addition to these, in Parc Du Cinquantenaire, which hosts different museums, you can satisfy your interest in history and even have a picnic on top of it.
The Belgian cities of Antwerp, Bruges and Ghent also attract many visitors with their unique architecture and settlements. Let's not forget to mention the movie In Bruges, which contributed to the reputation of Bruges.
When walking on the streets of Brussels and you are surprised to hear that 6 out of every 10 people speak Turkish, remember that Belgium has received an intense migration from Turkey's Emirdağ (Afyon) district. In fact, Turkish could be the fourth official language…
3. France
The land of the Franks, who presented the world with the slogan Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité (Liberty, Equality, Fraternity) and perhaps changed the course of history with the 1789 French Revolution. The people of France, which currently has a population of 67 million, have maintained their protest stance in every period of history. On the other hand, it is a country that has been fiercely criticized for its colonial activities that it has done and still continues to do, and its practices that are clearly in conflict with the slogan at the entrance. It is certain that it is necessary to examine the country, which has an important place in world history in culture-arts, education, fashion, politics, cuisine, sports and many other fields, closely and in detail. I here only “Andorra borders Spain, Belgium, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, Monaco and Luxembourg”; Let me finish by saying, “The capital is Paris.”
Being the largest country in Western Europe, France has coastlines on both the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean; there is also the Pyrenees Mountains to the south and the Alps to the east. The natural beauties of this country, saturated with both green and blue, are naturally very diverse. The country offers many opportunities for those who want to cool off in the summer months and for those who want to ski during the winter months. Known as the French Riviera for summer vacation and its most famous cities, Nice, St. You might consider visiting the area that is Tropez, Monaco, and Cannes. You're sure to be enchanted by the beauty of each city, it's up to you to choose which one! For the winter holidays, Lyon, Bourg Saint Maurice and Briançon, where the ski resorts are located; Keep in mind Strasbourg, where tourists from all over the world flock to see the Christmas Markets, or Annecy, which is also close to the Alps for the winter.
With its "city of lovers" image drawn on one side and its not so heartwarming "back streets" on the other hand, we can say little about Paris, but let's list a few of the famous spots of this place, it's up to you to do detailed research: Eiffel Tower, Notre Dame Cathedral, Louvre Museum. , Champs Elysées (Arch of Triumph), Montmartre, Moulin Rouge, Palace of Versailles, Disneyland Paris, Orsay Museum, Seine River and many more museums, palaces and parks.
B.C. Captured by the Romans in the second century B.C., the area called Gaul was ruled by many communities, including Visigoths, Vandals, and Germanic Franks, for centuries as Rome fell from power. In addition to the Hundred Years' War, it has seen many wars, cities have been destroyed and rebuilt. With the French Revolution of 1789, he became the initiator of a freedom movement that would have an impact all over the world. He stumbled many times throughout history, but eventually succeeded in overthrowing the monarchy and establishing a republic.
4. Germany
The land of Germans, philosophers and inventions. There will be no better language than German for philosophy; Of course, these lands should have produced many philosophers. Today, Germany, which has a coastline on both the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, is one of the most economically powerful states in Europe. The country with a population of 83 million borders Czechia, France, Denmark, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Netherlands, Luxembourg and Belgium. With the labor migration that took place in the 60s, this was the country that received the most Turkish workers. As a matter of fact, some neighborhoods of Berlin are referred to as Turkish quarters. Today, in the history of Germany, which is a member of the EU that advocates diversity, a reality like Adolf Hitler stands before us.
Discipline, discipline, discipline. Let's repeat it three times so that it is well understood how important it is in Germany. Despite being scheduled for an interesting time such as 18:11, public transportation, which operates without missing a minute, is perhaps the most obvious example of this. One of the civilizations that has preserved its importance throughout history, Germany, the country of the Germans, has succeeded in becoming a reliable name in the manufacture of solid products, perhaps as a result of self-sacrificing work in addition to this discipline. Is it just technical? Of course not. Bach, Beethoven, Wagner, Brahms and Schumann, who still live with their works in classical music today, are from Germany, known as the “Land of Poets and Writers” (did I not count Mozart? He is a native Austrian…).
The country is located in a diverse geography with its rivers, mountains and plains. Its largest rivers are the Rhine, Elbe, Main and Danube. Speaking of the Danube, the source of the Danube river, which passes through 19 countries, is the mountainous region of Germany known as the Black Forest. A good reason to visit Germany! The German state is not content with the advantage provided by the geography and is making intense efforts to protect the wildlife in the country. There are 97 natural protected areas in the country with hundreds of different species of animals and plants.
A visit to Germany is sure to give you more than just greenery and nature: museums and historical buildings await you in the country with a long history. If you visit the country, which was divided into two as East and West after the Second World War, where great suffering was experienced, and which was ruled in this way until 1989, it means you have a lot of work to do, especially in the capital Berlin. Reichstag, Brandenburg Gate, Charlottenburn Palace, Museum Island (there are a lot of museums, you can pick and choose what you want), Berlin Cathedral, Berlin Wall, Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church (church), TV Tower (the author didn't like such attractions, so he put this at the end, yes) and the Berlin Zoo (he doesn't personally support the idea of a zoo, but he added that you might want to see it) are just a few of the places you can visit.
5. Liechtenstein
It's so tiny that it's easy to miss it on the map. Located between Switzerland and Austria, Liechtenstein (Yes, I wrote this by checking the internet; I know, you said “litştşytayn” too, admit it) how tiny is it? Turkey's smallest city, Yalova, with 798 square kilometers, Liechtenstein (Can I not write your name? You don't read, I know.) is 160 square kilometers. If those who are good at mathematics can calculate and write how many times it is small, I would be happy, I am a spokesperson... Let me continue without exhausting all my funny rights in this section: the capital of this place ( insert "country name") is Vaduz, and the largest city is the city of Schaan, where 6,000 people live. San Marino in Europethe least visited city after ; I'll say at least you go, but it's a salty country. Also, let's not end without saying that there is no airport here, the nearest airport is in Zurich, Switzerland - 1.5 hours away.
The Principality of Liechtenstein, with its 76 km long borders and 160 km² area, is one of the micro-states in Europe. Liechtenstein, which also holds the title of being the sixth smallest country in the world, consists of almost half of the country's Rhine Valley lands. The country, whose official language is German, is located between Switzerland and Austria. According to the data collected in 2019, 38,378 people live in this small country ruled by the Constitution. Neither Liechtenstein nor any of its neighbors border the sea. Only Liechtenstein and Uzbekistan are among the countries that have this feature in the world.
The main reason why Liechtenstein has a deep-rooted history is that the lands of Liechtenstein remained away from the conflicts of interest between the states during the Roman Empire. In this way, many events in the European continent that changed the fate of many countries did not affect Liechtenstein. Although the country, which gained its independence in 1806, was exposed to various political pressures during the world wars, II. He declared his neutrality in World War II. In this way, he managed to avoid damage and continued his administration based on the democratic parliamentary system.
Being located at the foot of the Alps makes Liechtenstein a very interesting winter tourism destination. The most popular sports branches in the country, where the Swiss franc is used as the official currency, are skiing and football. Although the country's national sport is skiing, football is in high demand. In fact, it is estimated that almost one in every twenty Liechtenstein citizens actively plays football. Since there are more than three thousand businesses in the country, there is one business for every 11 citizens. The military unit tasked with protecting Liechtenstein consists of only 125 people.
Turkish citizens who want to go to Liechtenstein only need a Schengen visa. Since there are no direct flights from Turkey to Liechtenstein, flights are made to airports in Zurich, the largest city in Switzerland, or in Friedrichshafen, Germany. From these stops, it is possible to reach Liechtenstein by train or land.
6. Luxembourg
Another tiny country. Luxembourg, sandwiched between Germany, Belgium and France, is 2586 square kilometers, a little larger than Düzce. The capital is also known as Luxembourg. It has a population of approximately 630,000 people and is one of the richest countries in Europe. Various bodies of organizations such as the United Nations, the European Union and NATO are located in Luxembourg. Immigrants make up almost half of the country's population. In addition, it is estimated that around 100 thousand people come to Luxembourg from neighboring countries for business every day. French, German and Luxembourgish languages are accepted as official languages in the country. Areas outside the capital Luxembourg are mostly rural; You can see plenty of forests and fields.
Luxembourg, which has been under the sovereignty of many different nations and has very important influences from the cultural and historical texture of each, has today's borders with the Treaty of London in 1839. However, despite its own borders and name, it is still located in the Luxembourg region of Belgium today and French is spoken as a mother tongue. In other words, we can say that Luxembourg has been an unarmed but still independent city-state since the 1800s. Luxembourg, one of the member states of the European Union, has changed its official currency and started using the Euro since 1999.
I can say that it is a very touristic destination due to its location and the historical beauties remaining from the time it spent under the sovereignty of countries such as Spain, Netherlands, France and Austria. There are many places to see in this small region that attracts tourists from all over the world with its architectural structures reflecting the influences of the Middle Ages, its lush nature and its delicious food. Similar to other European countries, Luxembourg has an active and orderly life. In Luxembourg, you can enjoy the city life where everything you are looking for is at hand, as well as enjoying nature with lush forests a few minutes away. It feels very good to see the green color wherever you turn your head. Moreover, its people protect this nature very well and do not allow it to be destroyed.
Although the people of Luxembourg have been influenced by other countries that have ruled on these lands, they are still a community very attached to their own culture and history. I would also like to say that tolerance is one of the basic rules in this land that hosts people from different countries and cultures. By visiting this country, which has the status of a city where 626,100 people live, according to the census conducted in 2020, you can enjoy its multilingual and multicultural life, as well as its beautiful parks, historical houses and endless wealth.
7. Netherlands
Cheese, bicycles, tulips… One of the first things that come to mind when you think of the Netherlands, which has a coast on the North Sea. More than 17 million people live in the country neighboring Germany on one side and Belgium on the other. Amsterdam, the capital of this Dutch country, which has an important place in Europe throughout history, especially thanks to its maritime activities. You're not the only one who thinks “good cycling here” when flying over the country; As you will remember from geography lessons, the territory of the Netherlands is mostly below sea level. The country, which has a good record in terms of human rights, is also home to supranational bodies such as the International Criminal Court and the International Court of Justice.
Being one of the most popular countries in Europe and proud of being the first destination that comes to mind when it comes to windmills and tulips, the Netherlands is one of the places that must be visited once in a lifetime. According to the census conducted in 2020, more than 17 million people live in the Netherlands. Although the official language of the country is Dutch, almost everyone speaks English due to its strong education system and touristic structure. So if you can speak English, you will not have any difficulties in communication. As it is known, the Netherlands is governed by a system called constitutional monarchy. Although there is still a king in the country and constitutes an important power of the state, his powers are still extremely limited.
Because the Netherlands has an oceanic climate, it is generally cool in all seasons of the year. Snow and rain are among the most common natural events in the country, where the maximum temperature is 25 degrees even in summer. Therefore, if you are planning a vacation, I recommend choosing the drier and relatively warmer seasons such as spring and summer. Heavy rain and snow, which shows the effect of winter, may prevent you from walking as you wish.
With its famous triangular detached houses, canals running through the city, different museums and colorful nature, there are many destinations to see in the Netherlands. The most touristic cities of the country; Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Arnhem and Maastricht. But in my opinion, every city you visit manages to fascinate you. There are many reasons to move to the Netherlands with its city planning where everything is carefully considered, a free lifestyle that goes within the rules and always happy people!
8. Switzerland
Key words for this place: wealth and peace. I don't know if the people of the country are in peace because they are rich or if there is a connection to the contrary. One thing is for sure, it is a peaceful country. The country, which practices direct democracy with its structure divided into cantons, also makes a name for itself with the Alps, chocolate (the one that is pyramid-shaped, with honey and almonds…), lakes that offer a wonderful view and villages with unspoilt beauty, Swiss watches, clean streets and CERN. The people of the country, three quarters of which are mountainous, are used to living under these conditions; It is possible to travel by train even to steep mountainous regions in the country with the most developed train network in the world. In addition, the cable car is used extensively for transportation in mountainous regions. The capital of this country “does not exist” but the largest city is Zurich. The country's neighbors of 8.5 million people: Liechtenstein, Germany, Austria,
Switzerland, one of the most peaceful, developed countries with the highest living standards in the world, is one of the destinations with a perfect nature even though it does not have a coastline. Neighboring countries such as Germany, Austria, Italy and France, Switzerland is home to about 8.6 million people. The most important reason why Switzerland is among the “exemplary countries” in the world is, of course, its low crime rates and quiet lifestyle. Although there are reports that people are driven into depression due to this comfortable lifestyle, living here is extremely easy and comfortable. Switzerland is a country that sets an example to the world with its management style. It is the only country in the world governed by a full democracy system and the people have a very important say. In other words, the people can vote for the laws and can object if they don't want to.
Although there is a misconception that Zurich is the capital of the country, in fact, Switzerland does not have a capital. In the country where many people from different cultures, religions and races live in harmony, 4 different languages are spoken. If you know one of the French, German, Italian or Romansh languages, you will not have any communication problems in the country. English is also spoken, especially by the young people.
Switzerland, which is a very rich and organized country, has many destinations that must be visited and seen. Each region of the country is more valuable than the other, with its lush botanical gardens, charming cities and towns dominated by Scandinavian-style houses, and restaurants with no frills but delicious food. If you have limited time and want to take an accelerated Switzerland tour, I recommend you to visit Zurich, Bern, Geneva, Basel and Lausanne.
| Order | Contents | User Score |
|---|---|---|
| one | Austria | 9.2 |
| 2 | Belgium | - |
| 3 | France | - |
| 4 | Germany | - |
| 5 | Liechtenstein | - |
| 6 | Luxembourg | - |
| 7 | Holland | - |
| 8 | Switzerland | - |
Post a Comment